1. Thought Process

Testing is not as easy as it is often presumed to be! It holds great significance to any software development process. For any software tester, a knack for analytics and logical application of concepts is necessary. When testing software, it is imperative to analyze the given situation and accordingly create a solution for the same. The thought process and right mindset will help break down the problem into parts, making it easy to examine the elements of the problem and its relationships.

2. Reporting and Communication

Testing can be a long and tiring process sometimes requiring the tester to sit down for hours and analyze a certain situation. But, after spending these hours it is crucial to have the right communication sent to the higher authorities. This leads to the correct decisions being taken in terms of the release and timelines. A good report along with effective communication is vital to establish healthy transparency & trust of all the stakeholders as it conveys about all the actions taken, the bugs found, the bugs solved and any other issues encountered.

3. Thorough Understanding & Mapping of Business Situation

An app or software is launched with a well-structured business model. While the tester is looking for technical aspects post-development, one of the most important software testing skills is the ability to emulate real-time business situations. This process of mentally mapping business scenarios is important as it enables visualization of complex problems.

Each project has user stories that are implemented. These stories describe the type of interaction that happens with the system and the outcome that the system delivers. The outcomes to these interactions must be consistent and testers need to identify various scenarios where the consistency might break.

This makes it essential for testers to understand the boundaries of the system and verify that the impact of various processes on the system produces desirable results.

4. Automating the Process

As a software tester, while it is essential to have expertise in manual testing, there are times when it is good to rely on automation. During the life cycle of a project, a given module undergoes many changes in implementation. Every release cycle demands for a rigorous phase of testing in order to ensure the system stability. As a best practice, even the minor changes would be followed up by regression testing. This would mean that for each new implementation, the same tests need to be run.

5. The Modern Methodology (DevOps and Agile)

As the name suggests, these technologies support agility and flexibility thus removing role rigidity, lack of accessibility and silos. With increasing complexity of the software being developed and deadlines to follow, testers need to adopt DevOps and Agile to promote the collaborative working environment. This speeds up the testing process and helps get the product out in the market sooner than expected. 

6.  Understanding of Programming

It is an obsolete belief that only developers need knowledge of programming. In the modern day, even testers need to have basic programming knowledge. This will help understand the working of the application and make it easier to test the same. While testers will not need to code like the developers of the application, but understanding the code will give them an edge while identifying and rectifying errors, thus speeding up the testing process and quality of the final product. It also decreases the possibilities of further bugs and inefficiency.

7. Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

System lifecycle management is an essential contributor to testing cycle planning. For a software tester, it is important to have knowledge of SDLC. It will not only give them insights into the application development process but also help anticipate common complexities which might give them a tough time in the testing process.

8. Project Management

Software testing skills are a combination of technical and professional aspects. And to manage both it is extremely important for any individual to be able to take ownership of the project. As a software tester, being able to manage a project means delivering the project after a complete testing. Project management is an important skill not only because it leads to better management and delivery of results but also because it promotes a sense of responsibility.

9. Awareness of Latest Web and Mobile Technology Trends

This involves understanding the latest trends that have emerged and have become popular. It will give them an understanding of the process, its scalability, and upcoming challenges.

Technology changes rapidly and it is extremely difficult to keep up with them. Adding to this problem is the lack of a single source of information to update oneself on the technology front. 

10. Planning and Documentation

In the arsenal of software testing skills, planning and documentation form the base of the entire testing phase. A good software tester needs to have a well-defined plan of action for the testing phase based on the requirements and time-frame. This helps to allocate resources accordingly.

Moreover, documentation is a skill which many testers tend to ignore but a well-documented test process helps to get a better analysis. This helps the team simplify future solutions for any bug or error occurrence.

11. Cross-Browser Testing Skills

Due to the abundant availability of browsers along with multiple device culture and variations in different screen size for mobile devices, the need for browser compatibility testing is more than ever.

It allows testers to test their application across different browsers running upon various OS for different devices. 

12. Constant Learning Process

Learning is an ever going process and is also an essential contributor to career growth. But, rather than limiting ourselves to a specific industry, technology or environment software testing experts should learn and grow with newer technologies. This promotes adaptability and their ability to switch between different environments if his job demands to.

While there are courses and certifications for every upcoming technology, most of them aren’t related or targetted to testers. Moreover, it will be a very expensive affair. Rather, learning to use new technologies practically is more important. Self-driven learning individuals are the leaders in the industry and go a long way.

13. Testing Tools and Technologies

As a tester, one needs to be equipped with ample knowledge about the respective testing tools and technologies present in the market, related to their project needs in order to optimize the testing process. Testing tools are less dependent on industries and domains and more on testing. For a tester, there are ample options for different testing processes such as bug tracking tools, automation tools, GUI testing among others.